In spite of certain outstanding examples of
individual achievement of Indian woman and a definite improvement in their
general condition over the last one hundred years, it remains true that our
woman still constitute a large body of under - privileged citizens. Women of
course do not form a homogenous group in class or caste terms. Nevertheless,
they face distinctive problems that call for special attention. The Backward
Classes Commission set up by the Government of India in 1953 classified women
of India as a backward group requiring special attention.
The ministry of Education clubs girls with
Scheduled Castes and Tribes as the three most backward groups in education. Ram
Manohar Lohia considered the lot of women to be similar to that of Harijans.
Realizing the enormity of the problems of Indian women the Government of India
has appointed a separate committee on the Status of Women in India, The social
backwardness of Indian women points to the great hiatus between their legal
status which is more or less equal to that of men, and their actual position in
society, which is still far from the ideal which exists on paper. The
educational, economic, political and social backwardness of women makes them
the largest group hindering the process of rapid social change.
It is inevitable that when this ‘backward’ group
has the major responsibility of bringing up future generations the advancement
of society cannot be rapid or take any significant form of development. In the
report of the committee appointed by the National Council for Women’s Education
it was emphatically stated that what was needed to convert the equality of
women from de jure to be facto status was widespread education for girls and
women and a re-education of men and women to accept new and scientific
attitudes towards each other and to themselves. A changing society and a
developing economy can not make any headway if education, which is one of the
important agents affecting the norms of morality and culture, remains in the
hand of traditionalists who subscribe to a fragmented view of the country’s and
the world’s heritage. The differences between the positions of men and women in
society will not lessen; leave aside disappear, as long as there are
differences between the education of men and women. Inadequate education or no
education is the most important factor contributing to the backwardness of our
masses, especially our womenfolk. It is the low literacy among women which
brings national literacy figure so low.
This gap which exists between the literacy rates of
the two sexes also exists between the enrolment of girls and boys at all levels
of education. Right from the primary school to the university, we find that the
number of girl students is considerable lower than the number of boy students.
According to Article 45 of the Constitution, universal compulsory and free
education until the age of 14 was to be achieved by the year 1960. Looking at
the present condition of primary education in villages, it seems doubtful that
100 per cent enrolment of girls can be achieved by the end of this century.
There is no doubt that we have made great headway in the education of women in
the last century. It is unfortunately true of our society that children are
sent to school not according to their intelligence or aptitude but according to
their sex. Such attitudes need to be changed without further delay if we want
to achieve 100 per cent enrolment of the primary school-going children.
Although the disparity between the enrolment of girls and boys has been
lessening in the urban areas, the gap between their enrolments is still very
wide specially in rural areas. The reasons for this are both economic and
social.
It is still not being realized that there is
definite connection between education, good motherhood and efficient house
management. The management of millions of household and the upbringing of
millions of children in thus is the hands of illiterate women. It is here that
a change is required if our democratic and socialistic intensions are not to
remain a mere pretence. People can be motivated to have their children educated
only if educational system is directly linked with economic and social
development. As long as our education remains oblivious of the felt needs of
people to solve their immediate problems and on the contrary, actually
alienates them from their natural, social and cultural surroundings, they will
rightly resist sending their children to school. It is the area of primary
education, especially in rural areas, which should be given maximum attention.
Primary education for both girls and boys is what we should be concerned about
while planning our policies and allocation funds. It is this sector of our
education structure that gets neglected in favor of all sorts of institutes of
‘higher learning’ and ‘research’ of a kind that are neither relevant nor
pertinent to our pressing problems. The role of women outside home is becoming
an important and even essential feature of our present day reality.
By Sreejesh K
The economic structure of rural areas is such that
children, especially girls, are required to help in household work and perform
their chores. Young girls have to look after their younger brothers and
sisters, have to get water from the well, have to carry food to the father in
the field, etc. Since there is so much to be done at home, they cannot be
spared for the luxury of attending a school. The resources of the poor farmer
are so limited that he does not have anything to spare for the education of his
children. If there are resources available it is the boy who is sent to school
first. Parents also do not see the value of educating their children specially
daughters who would get married after all and be only housewives. Since they
cannot see any direct relationship between education and economic betterment,
they have very little motivation to send their children to school.
Very impressive post.Women education is must for development of society because women take care of two houses.People say these lines but never follow them.We have to change this classification that we have done in our society.Girls are no different than boys.
ReplyDeleteEducating women menace educating the whole family. Awareness for women education is increasing now a days. Read this also women and education
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