Occupying most of the
news violence is something
that affects all of us, unlike
social class, economic, race, color, sexual orientation, age and
religion. The originality of violence
is demonstrated many times in the
Holy Scriptures, which
is a direct result of the rebellion of Adam and
Eve, and reflecting on their
sons Cain and Abel.
A terrible story
between two brothers where Cain kills Abel,
for base reasons, led to jealousy and envy, knowing that his offer was not accepted
by God, it carries
the first murder in
history, giving the originality
of violence and the proliferation
of rights violations against life. Towards criminal
homicide expresses the destruction of the life of a human being caused by voluntary act (action or inaction) of another man or human
being. Are therefore basic to
the constitution of the murder, as a crime: a) the
pre-existence of a human life, b) the voluntary act of
the agent or efficient cause
of death ravages, whether resulting from action
or inaction, c) intention determined
the agent to
produce the destruction, this is
Necandi animus (spirit
to cause death). Traditionally, the rate of crimes against
life, in particular murder,
is considered a "thermometer"
of the degree of violence found in a given society, can be seen as perhaps
the most serious of extensive
social problems existing in the same society.
By this definition we can see how much was the heart
and mind of Cain when planning
the murder of his brother. Describes the book of Genesis
chap.4 vers. 3-8
...
"What happened at the end of days that
Cain brought of the fruit of the
ground an offering unto the LORD. And Abel, he also brought
of the firstborn of his flock and of the fat thereof And
the LORD had respect unto Abel and
to his offering. But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And was wroth Cain strongly, and drooped his countenance. And the LORD said
unto Cain, Why art thou wroth? And why has your countenance fallen? If thou doest well, is not that right be accepted?
And if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door, and unto thee shall be his
desire, but thou shalt rule
over him. And Cain
talked with Abel his brother:
and it came to pass, when they were in
the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him. "
The murder was intentional, ie, there will of Cain killing Abel, murder
qualifies, there will homicidal agent, manifested in the decision to kill or
undetermined intent to kill.
Murder in death is always expected and desired by the agent, for employing
efficient means or susceptible to get the desired result. Clearly distinguished
from manslaughter, because this was not the intention, either directly or
indirectly and was caused by the fact that it should be anticipated and
avoided. The act of Cain reveals the nature of humanity, now ruined by sin,
commits violence on violence, giving up the diversity of typifications of
offenses listed in our Brazilian Penal Code and demonstrated by the Holy
Scriptures. The evident evil of Lamech who killed two men, described in the
book of Genesis, ch. 4 vers. 23
"And Lamech said unto his
wives: Adah and Zillah hear my voice, You wives of Lamech listen to my words,
for I have slain a man for wounding me, a young and for me to tread."
And Lamech was the first to reject the principle of monogamous marriage,
ordained by God, Lamech was the grandson of Cain, the son of Enoch. The
hereditary depravity was spreading steadily in the home and family. In Criminal
Law Brazilian homicide in topographical terms, is the chapter on crimes against
the life of the Criminal Code, being the first offense by it signified is
murder (Article 121, § 1 and § 2 of the CP). Undeniably, the murder is the most
shocking violation of the moral sense of civilized mankind average, according
to Nelson teaches Hungary. As remember it, citing the definition of Carmignani,
characterized by violent hominis Caedes ab injuste patrata, ocisão violent a
man unjustly committed by another man (remember that some
homicides are "fair" from a
legal standpoint, for example, is due to self defense).
Moreover, the Constitution, the law places the
protection of the right to life as one of the foundations of the rule of law. Thus
the government has the primary duty to protect this right.
Homicide is something that is around the human
being, as if from the formation
of the world was, how much more, despite the increase of greed, always wanting more of each individual,
want to demonstrate the ability of strength and power , seeing no limits and
no barriers but going
ahead of everything and everyone.
Not even children are safe from this act of cruelty, as practiced in cold blood, not fearing the law of God, the more fear the law
of man? Are really unexplained
such events, desires
and aspirations of society taking
care of your mind and soul, that
to fight for the validation
of the death penalty, that is also
looking to be a murderer,
therefore remains to say that society
generally carries a craving for blood destruction.
The
root of violence:
Nuclear
explosions in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the destruction of the Twin Towers are
still significant examples of violence. However, violence is not limited to war
and terrorism. Rather, violence pervades all nature of human relationships and
manifests itself in all forms of abuse, often not so obvious. John was a very
kind and polite. His conversation was pleasant and his presence commanded
respect. Attended church regularly and helped in their activities. I remember
that he cared deeply about the decorum and reverence in worship. However, one
day I came to know that John beat his wife who was pregnant. Something deep in
the heart of John made him violently abusing his wife. The Bible recognizes the
existence and condemns violent behavior in all areas of human activity, for
example, the policy (Ez 45:9), marriage (Malachi 2:16), religion (Ezekiel 34:4,
Zephaniah 3:4, Matthew 11:12), and environment (Habakkuk 2:8). Since most
people will experience or cause some or various forms of violence during their
lifetime, we must ask ourselves: How can we get rid of the destructive force of
violence? To answer this question, we need to familiarize ourselves with its
nature.
What
is Violence?
Violence is the
use of physical force or verbal, that harms or destroys something or someone to
satisfy a personal desire. Ignoring the regular mode of proceeding, and the
canons of reason and justice, violence seeks to win the will of the people, in
order to master them, use them, make them suffer, or destroy them. In short,
violence destroys the human being, spiritually andphysically. Use violence to
dominate and manipulate other humans in order to satisfy our desires. Violence
occurs when we seek to satisfy our lusts (kill or possess what belongs to
someone else) or when we can not control our good wishes (eating, sleeping,
procreating). When cravings, become habits, generate abusive behaviors that
lead to damage not only our enemies but our friends, loved ones and even
ourselves. The violence is closely linked to enmity, because the perpetrator is
an enemy who oppresses and abuses. Nobody likes to have enemies or be subjected
to violence. Like King David, everyone screams "save me from the hands of my enemies" (Psalm 31:15). This
raises the question: How can we free ourselves from the violence of our
enemies? And more importantly, how can we not be sources of violence and
hostility? To answer these questions, we need to familiarize ourselves with the
manifestations of violence.
Manifestations
of Violence
The violence
against the human being creates his fellows includes activities such as war,
murder, torture, rape, pedophilia, abuse of the weak (children, women and
elderly), theft, lies, fights, gossip and the like. These activities can occur
at different levels of intensity, eg, mental abuse, physical abuse casual,
torture and murder. Because the destructive nature of violence is evident, the
company is controlled by all means necessary, including legal systems,
security, military, prisons, education and counseling. Despite these efforts
and their costs millionaires decrease the destructive effects of violence; they
do not eliminate it, because they do not reach the deep roots that originate.
Where is the Violence?
Violence occurs
through actions and words that come from the heart, the spiritual center of our
conscious thoughts (Psalm 10:6, 11). With them, we can bless or curse (James
3:10). When the heart is proud, turns away from God, and it's bad, it becomes a
source of violence (Psalm 119:122, Proverbs 10:11, Genesis 08:21, Proverbs
24:2). Because the violence stems from the wickedness of the heart (Romans
3:10-23), we can generate all violent acts and words even unintentionally. It
is important to note that while the evil heart is permanent, the acts and words
erupts sporadically. The heart is bad when we believe that we should remove all
obstacles to fulfill our desires and aspirators. Desta attitude of the human
heart, consciously or unconsciously, that originate from the violent acts that
injure, oppress, abuse and kill millions of humans.
Beyond
Violence: Love and Peace
As we saw in
society, and the Bible condemns violence. However, while society attempts to
prevent or punish acts of violence, the Bible considers the roots where they
come from such acts: The evil heart that seeks its own interest. In summary,
the roots of violence are spiritual and reside in the depths of the human
heart, where both are generated thoughts, emotions, desires and wishes. When
the human spirit wants to meet up at all costs, generates violence.
The Bible teaches that seek "my own interests" is the antithesis of
love (1 Corinthians 13:4-6). When we love, instead of using, hurt, injure or
kill, we give of ourselves to other human beings (John 3:16). Love overcomes
and replaces violence with peace and service. The death of Christ on the cross
is and always will be the ultimate expression of love in the universe. With
these thoughts in mind an old question arises: Can we change our selfish heart
in a loving heart? Both experience and the Bible teach that we can not do.
However, the Bible also teaches that Christ can change our hearts.
Eradication
of Violence
To eradicate
violence from our actions, we must change the mobile and the central tendency
of our hearts from selfishness to love. Our thoughts, emotions, desires and
decisions should stop focusing on ourselves and focus on God and His Word.
Furthermore, the content of our conscious thoughts, emotions, desires and
decisions have to change.
This change is brought about by a supernatural act of God, but through the
knowledge of Christ revealed in the Scriptures. When we contemplate the wisdom,
mercy, love, promises and power of God, the heart is attracted by the beauty
and holiness of God. They met Christ and will deliver our hearts, which is, our
thoughts, emotions, desires and will experience the transformation of
selfishness in love that cancels violence. To the extent that we let Christ
through the Bible becomes the center of our spirit, love will reign in our
hearts and we will no longer be generating violence. Rather, we will generate
peaceful and constructive acts for the benefit of others, family, church,
society, and even our enemies (Mateus5: 44). Also, love will give us patience,
resignation and strength to withstand the violent acts perpetrated against us.
There we will want revenge and will trust in Divine Judgment, which will reward
each according to his works (Zephaniah 1:9, Romans 2:6). Finally, all readers
who suffer oppression, abuse, terrorism, and war must remember that God in his
providence has the desire and the power to strengthen, help, protect and to
deliver them from the violence of their enemies (Psalm 118:13, 2 Samuel 22:03,
Psalm 18:3, 48).
Bibliographic Reference
BIBLE. Available at: http://www.bibliaonline.com.br/acf:
Book of Genesis, chap.4
vers. 3-8. Access
17/07/2012.
NIV Bible Commentary: Old
and New Testament, FF general editor Bruce translation
Valdemar Kroker -
São Paulo: Editora
Vida, 2009.
HOMICIDE. Available at: http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homic%
C3% Addio. access
17/07/2012
HUNGARY, Nelson Comments
Penal Code, 5th Publisher
Forensics, vol. I,
volume II, p. 188.
JESUS, Damasio
E. Criminal Law -
Sao Paulo: Saraiva 1999.
Noronha, E. Magellan. Criminal Law - Sao
Paulo: Saraiva, 1999.
CORE STUDY OF VIOLENCE, NEV, University
of São PauloUSP, Available at: http://www.nevusp.org/portugues/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2860&Itemid=211.
Access 17/07/2012.
Magazine of El Centinela September/2010. ERRA, Teresa. Homicide
Qualified - Coimbra,
1994.Artigo written by Fernando Canale (Doctor
of Theology and professor at Andrews
University in Berrien Springs,
Michigan).
Reference the Author:
Lilian Santos Bernardo
da Silva - Mediator
and conciliator Judicial
Court in the
state of São Paulo-Brazil
Contacts: liliansantos02@gmail.com
/ cell 55-11-98763-1969
